Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 18

Artikelnummer 10123760

ADVANCES IN CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY Editor MELVILLE L. WOLFROM Associate Editor R. STUART TIPSON Board of Advisors R. C. HOCKETT C. B. PURVES W. W. PIGMAN ROY L. WHISTLER Board of Advisors for the British Isles E. L. HIRST STANLEY PEAT MAURICE STACEY Volume 18 1963 ACADEMIC PRESS NEW YORK and LONDON Emile Bourquelot CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 18 v PREFACE vii EMILE BOURQUELOT 1 Photochemistry of Carbohydrates GLYN O. PHILLIPS I. Introduction 9 II. Photochemical Primary Processes 10 III. Water 18 IV. Compounds Structurally Related to Carbohydrates 26 V. Photodegradation of Carbohydrates 34 VI. Cellulose 43 VII. Primary Processes 49 Paper Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates H. WEIGEL I. Introduction 61 II. Specificity of Electrolytes 62 III. Electrolytes Not Affecting Ionic Complexes 82 IV. Description of Tables 82 Chemistry of Osotriazoles HASSAN EL KHADEM I. Introduction 99 II. Structure 100 III. Formation 102 IV. Mechanism of Formation 105 V. Reactions 108 VI. Uses 113 Developments in the Chemistry of Thio Sugars D. HORTON AND D. H. HUTSON I. Introduction 123 II. 1-Thioglycosides 124 III. 1-Thioaldoses 152 IV. Synthesis and Reactions of Thio Sugars (Excluding 1-Thio Sugar Derivatives) 160 ix Trehaloses GORDON G. BIRCH I. Introduction 201 II. Occurrence 204 III. Isolation and Chemical Syntheses 206 IV. Structure 206 V. Physical Properties 213 VI. Chemical Properties 216 VII. Biosynthesis of the Trehaloses 218 VIII. General Biochemistry of the Trehaloses 221 222 Naturally Occurring C-Glycosyl Compounds L. J. HAYNES I. Introduction 227 II. Nomenclature 227 III. Isolation Procedures 227 IV. Determination of Structure 228 V. Individual C-Glycosyl Compounds 239 251 Chemistry of the Amino Sugars Derived from Antibiotic Substances JAMES D. DUTCHER I. Introduction 259 II. Classification of the Carbohydrate-containing Antibiotics 259 III. Chemistry of the Various Groups Containing Antibiotics 261 261 Biosynthesis of Saccharides from Glycopyranosyl Esters of Nucleotides ("Sugar Nucleotides") ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD AND W. Z. HASSID I. Introduction 309 II. Chemistry of Glycosyl Esters of Nucleotides 309 III. Occurrence of Glycosyl Esters of Nucleotides 311 IV. Enzymic Synthesis of Glycosyl Esters of Nucleotides 314 V. Synthesis of Disaccharides 323 VI. Synthesis of Oligosaccharides 325 VII. Synthesis of Polysaccharides 327 Addendum 332 340 356 Physical Properties of Solutions of Polysaccharides W. BANKS AND C. T. GREENWOOD I. Introduction 357 II. The Determination of Polymer Homogeneity 357 III. The Determination of Molecular Dimensions 358 IV. Conclusions 370 397 AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 18 SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUME 18 399 CUMULATIVE AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-18 423 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-18 442 ERRATA 448 456