Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 7

Numéro d'article 10123749

CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 7 v The Methyl Ethers of the Aldopentoses and of Rhamnose and Fucose BY R. A. LAIDLAW AND (THE LATE) E. G. V. PERCIVAL, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland I. Introduction 1 II. The Methyl Ethers of D-Xylose 2 III. The Methyl Ethers of D-Arabinose 8 IV. The Methyl Ethers of L-Arabinose 11 V. The Methyl Ethers of D-Ribose 14 VI. The Methyl Ethers of D-Lyxose 16 VII. The Methyl Ethers of L-Rhamnose 17 VIII. The Methyl Ethers of D-Fucose 22 IX. The Methyl Ethers of L-Fucose 25 X. Tables of Properties of the Methyl Ethers 28 1,6-Anhydrohexofuranoses, a New Class of Hexosans BY R. J. DIMLER, Northern Regional Research Laboratory, Peoria, Illinois I. Introduction 37 II. D-Glucosan <1,4->6<1,6> 39 III. D-Galactosan <1,4->α<1,6> 42 IV. Effect of the 1,6-Anhydro Ring on the Rate of Acid Hydrolysis of the Furanoside Structure of 1,6-Anhydrohexofuranoses 44 V. Resistance of D-Glucosan <1,4->6<1,6> and D-Galactosan <1,4->α-<1,6> to Oxidative 1,2-Diol Cleavage 46 VI. Relationship between the Observed Resistance to Oxidation and the Detection of 1,2-Diol Groups in Other Carbohydrate Structures 50 Fructose and Its Derivatives BY C. P. BARRY AND JOHN HONEYMAN, Department of Chemistry, King's College, University of London, Strand, London, England I. Occurrence 53 II. Preparation 55 III. Physical Properties 55 IV. Estimation 57 V. Structure and Configuration 59 VI. Acetates 60 VII. Benzoates 63 vii VIII. Fructosides 64 IX. Mercaptals 67 X. Acetals and Ketals 68 XI. Methyl Ethers 74 XII. Trityl Ethers 82 XIII. Nitrogen-containing Compounds 83 XIV. Compounds of Fructose with Metals 83 XV. D-Fructosyl Halides 84 XVI. Tables of Properties of Fructose Derivatives 86 Psicose, Sorbose and Tagatose BY J. V. KARABINOS, Saint Procopius College, Lisle, Illinois I. Introduction 99 II. Preparation of Psicose, Sorbose and Tagatose 101 III. Reactions of Psicose, Sorbose and Tagatose 116 IV. Derivatives of Psicose, Sorbose and Tagatose 122 V. Metabolism of L-Sorbose 134 VI. Miscellaneous Physical Measurements; L-Sorbose 135 Acetals and Ketals of the Tetritols, Pentitols and Hexitols BY S. A. BARKER AND E. J. BOURNE, The University, Birmingham, England I. Introduction 138 II. Methods of Formation of Acetals and Ketals 140 III. Stability of Acetals and Ketals 141 IV. Stereoisomerism in Acetals and Ketals 149 V. Acetals and Ketals of the Tetritols 149 VI. Acetals and Ketals of the Pentitols 150 VII. Acetals and Ketals of the Hexitols 151 VIII. Favored Ring Structures in Acetals and Ketals 157 IX. Tables of Derivatives 177 187 The Glycals BY BURCKHARDT HELFERICH, Chemisches Institut der Universität, Bonn, Germany I. Introduction 210 II. D-Glucal, Its Derivatives and Its Rearrangements 210 III. Physiological Significance of the Glycals 211 IV. Glycals of Other Sugars 226 V. Summary of the Principal Reactions of the Glycals 227 242 The Chemistry of the 2-Amino Sugars (2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Sugars) BY A. B. FOSTER AND M. STACEY, Department of Chemistry, The University, Birmingham, England I. Introduction 247 II. Configuration of the 2-Amino Sugars 247 III. Isolation and Identification of the 2-Amino Sugars 249 IV. General Chemistry of the 2-Amino Sugars 256 265 V. Conclusion 280 VI. Tables of Properties of 2-Amino Sugar Derivatives 281 The Size and Shape of Some Polysaccharide Molecules BY C. T. GREENWOOD, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland I. Introduction 290 II. The Determination of Molecular Weight 290 III. Statement of Methods 297 IV. Problems Inherent in Physico-chemical Studies of Polysaccharides 208 V. The Molecular Weights of Polysaccharides Containing One Type of Structural Unit 299 VI. The Molecular Weights of Polysaccharides Containing More Than One Type of Structural Unit 319 VII. Conclusions 332 AUTHOR INDEX 333 SUBJECT INDEX 348 ERRATA 368 CONTENTS OF VOLUMES 1-6 369