Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 15

Numéro d'article 10123757

CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 15 v PREFACE vii EMIL HEUSER 1 Constitution and Physicochemical Properties of Carbohydrates B. CAPON AND W. G. OVEREND I. Introduction 1 II. Evidence for Assigning Conformations to Sugars 7 III. Properties of One Conformationally Distinct Species Relative to Another 11 IV. Properties of One Chemically Distinct Species Relative to Another 16 V. Properties of a Ground State Relative to a Transition State 20 29 Methods in Structural Polysaccharide Chemistry HANS O. BOUVENG AND BENGT LINDBERG I. Introduction 53 II. Isolation and Purification 53 III. Identification of Components 53 IV. Methylation with Analysis 53 V. Partial Hydrolysis 54 VI. Oxidation with Periodate and with Lead Tetraacetate 54 VII. Other Methods 57 59 The Carbonates and Thiocarbonates of Carbohydrates I. HOUGH, J. E. PACKER AND R. S. THOMASS I. Introduction 91 II. Nomenclature ix III. Factors Affecting the Choice of a Preparative Method 98 IV. The Preparation of Carbonates 112 V. The Preparation of Thiocarbonates 132 VI. Comparative Survey of Properties of Carbonates and Thiocarbonates 143 VII. Tables of Carbonates and Thiocarbonates 150 Tables of Properties of 2-Amino-2-Deoxy Sugars and Their Derivatives D. HORTON Tables start on 159 References 196 Bacterial Nucleosides and Nucleotides J. JOKSEN AND B. LALAND I. Introduction 201 II. Methods for the Isolation of Nucleosides and Nucleotides 203 III. Adenine-containing Nucleotides 204 IV. Nucleoside Glycosyl Dihydrogen Pyrophosphates 204 V. Nucleosides and Nucleotides in the Presence of Growth Inhibitors 221 VI. Nucleosides and Nucleotides in Mutants and in Infected Cells 227 VII. Bacterial Enzymes Acting on Nucleosides and Nucleotides 228 VIII. Miscellaneous 233 The Biosynthesis of Aromatic Compounds from D-Glucose DAVID B. SPRINSON I. Introduction 235 II. Discovery of the Role of Shikimic Acid in the Formation of Aromatic Compounds 237 III. Biosynthesis of Shikimic Acid 239 IV. Condensation of D-Erythrose 4-Phosphate and Enolpyruvate Phosphate 247 V. Formation of 5-Dehydroquinic Acid from 3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonic Acid 7-Phosphate 255 VI. Conversion of 5-Dehydroquinic Acid to Shikimic Acid 238 VII. Conversion of Shikimic Acid to Aromatic Amino Acids 259 VIII. Shikimic Acid as an Intermediate in the Biosynthesis of Natural Products Other than Amino Acids 267 Polysaccharides of Gram-negative Bacteria D. A. L. DAVIES I. Introduction 271 II. Experimental Methods 274 III. Physical State of the Products 279 IV. The Monosaccharide Units 289 V. Specific Polysaccharides 297 VI. Immunological Studies 329 VII. Polysaccharides of Some Variant Cultures 332 VIII. Miscellaneous Polymers 334 IX. Conclusion 338 Dextran: Structure and Synthesis W. BROCK NEELY I. Introduction 341 II. Historical Review 342 III. Source and Preparation of Dextran 343 IV. Structural Studies 355 V. Enzymic Synthesis 366 VI. Uses 369 Chitin A. B. FOSTER AND J. M. WEBBER I. Introduction 371 II. Occurrence of Chitin 372 xii III. Isolation of Chitin 378 IV. Properties and Structure of Chitin 379 V. Composition of Chitin 385 VI. Derivatives of Chitin 390 VII. Chemical Uses of Chitin and Chitosan 417 VIII. Uses of Chitin and Chitosan 432 IX. Biosynthesis 435 445 AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 15 445 SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUME 15 CUMULATIVE AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-15 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-15 ERRATA