Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 14

Numéro d'article 10123756

CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 14 v PREFACE vii GÉZA ZEMPLÉN 1 Action of Lead Tetraacetate on the Sugars A. S. PERLIN I. Introduction 9 II. Mechanism of Glycol-cleavage Oxidation by Lead Tetraacetate 11 III. Oxidative Cleavage of cis-Diols in Acyclic Systems 15 IV. Oxidative Cleavage of cis-Diols in Alicyclic Systems 20 V. Oxidative Cleavage of Nitrogen-containing Carbohydrates 53 VI. Experimental Conditions 58 The Maillard Reaction G. P. ELLIS I. Introduction 63 II. Nomenclature 66 III. Scope of the Reaction 66 IV. Experimental Methods 71 V. Reaction Conditions and Their Effects 74 VI. Comparative Reactivity of Individual Sugars and Amino Acids 77 VII. Properties of Maillard Reaction Products 107 VIII. Mechanism and Kinetic Studies of the Reaction 110 IX. Summary and Conclusions 131 ix The Cyclitols S. J. ANGYAL AND LAURENS ANDERSON I. Introduction 139 II. The Inositols 141 III. Compounds Related to the Inositols 177 IV. The Quercitols 189 V. Physical Constants of the Cyclitols and Their Derivatives 191 Aspects of the Chemistry of the Amino Sugars A. B. FOSTER AND D. HORTON I. Introduction 211 II. Chemical Synthesis of 2-Amino-2-deoxy-aldoses 214 III. Amino Sugars from Natural Products 224 IV. General Chemistry of 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose 253 V. 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose 261 VI. Detection and Determination of Amino Sugars 263 VII. Oligosaccharides Containing Amino Sugars 269 Pyrimidine Nucleosides J. J. FOX AND I. WEMPEN I. Introduction 283 II. Scope and Nomenclature 283 III. The Structure of Pyrimidine Nucleosides Derived from Nucleic Acids 285 IV. Other Naturally Occurring Pyrimidine Nucleosides 285 V. Syntheses of Pyrimidine Nucleosides 318 VI. Table of Properties of 1-Glycosylpyrimidines 327 350 Preparation and Properties of β-Glucuronidase G. A. LEVVY AND C. A. MARSH I. Introduction 381 II. Occurrence 383 III. Assay 300 IV. Purification 306 V. Location of the Enzyme in the Mammalian Cell, with Particular Reference to Activity Measurements 402 VI. Variation in Activity with pH 402 VII. Variation in Stability with pH and the Effect of Temperature 405 VIII. Dissociation Constants for Different Substrates 407 IX. Inhibitors and Activators 411 X. Mode of Action and Specificity 421 XI. Biosynthesis of β-D-Glucosiduronic Acids and Related Polysaccharides 426 XII. Summary 427 Structural Chemistry of the Hemicelluloses G. O. ASPINALL I. Introduction 429 II. Xylans 430 III. Mannans and Glucomannans 448 IV. Galactans and Arabinogalactans 454 V. Other Polysaccharides 459 VI. Some Current Problems in Hemicellulose Chemistry 461 AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 14 495 SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUME 14 497 CUMULATIVE AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-13 511 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUMES 1-13 514 ERRATA 521