PREFACE I am happy to have the opportunity to present this work on pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, which has been carried out, for the most part, in our laboratories (Science Research Institute, Oregon State University) during the last eight years. This work emphasizes heavily the peculiarities of metabolism that characterize the acetic acid bacteria, as well as emphasizing observations on microbial systems, which lend themselves especially to radiorespirometric studies. Finally, it presents a general discussion on various aspects of metabolism, which seems appropriate in this series of lectures. Because of the personal nature of the experiences described, this will not represent an attempt to review exhaustively the literature in the field, although it is hoped that this work may be of some aid in that direction. Being selected as a lecturer to continue the series ably begun by the other speakers in the Squibb series produces in one mixed feelings—diffidence, yet at the same time the need for confidence to provide some useful thoughts about the subject chosen for discussion. The first reaction is spontaneous, and is so well recognized by everyone as to require no further elaboration. In marshaling my confidences to present this material, I am reinforced by some of the thoughts laid before me in my graduate study by Professor Roger J. Williams, to whom these lectures are dedicated, plus the sound, carefully fabricated experimental work by many of my colleagues over a period of fifteen years. Among these are Drs. Tsoo E. King, Chih H. Wang, and R. W. Newburgh, to mention only three, and also many former graduate students who have contributed to the overall knowledge about the problem, especially Drs. Jens G. Hauge, Paul A. Kitos, and Joseph T. Cummins. To these persons, and others of our group, I am deeply grateful. V. H. Cheldelin August, 1961 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 The Acetic Acid Bacteria CHAPTER 2 Evaluation of Metabolic Pathways CHAPTER 3 Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathways: General Considerations Index

Cheldelin Vernon H.

Metabolic pathways in microorganisms